Predictive factors for sequelae of bronchitis obliterans in refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To investigate the predictive factors for bronchitis obliterans in refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP). Methods: A restrospective case summary was conducted 230 patients with RMPP admitted to the Department of No.2 Respiratory Medicine of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2013 to June 2017 were recruited. Clinical data, laboratory results, imaging results and follow-up data were collected. Based on bronchoscopy and imaging findings 1 year after discharge, all patients were divided into two groups: one group had sequelae of bronchitis obliterans (sequelae group) and the other group had not bronchitis obliterans (control group), independent sample t-test and nonparametric test were used to compare the differences in clinical features between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to explore the predictive value of Bronchitis Obliterans in RMPP. Results: Among 230 RMPP children, there were 115 males and 115 females, 95 cases had sequelae group, the age of disease onset was (7.1±2.8) years;135 cases had control group, the age of disease onset was (6.8±2.7) years. The duration of fever, C-reative protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, the proportion of ≥2/3 lobe consolidation, pleural effusion and the proportion of airway mucus plug and mucosal necrosis were longer or higher in the sequelae group than those in the control group ((17±9) vs. (12±3) d, (193±59) vs. (98±42) mg/L,730 (660, 814) vs. 486 (452, 522) U/L, 89 cases (93.7%) vs. 73 cases (54.1%), 73 cases (76.8%) vs.59 cases (43.7%), 81 cases (85.3%) vs. 20 cases (14.8%), 67 cases (70.5%) vs. 9 cases (6.7%), t=5.76, 13.35, Z=-6.41, χ2=14.64, 25.04, 22.85, 102.78, all P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of fever ≥10 days (OR=1.200, 95%CI 1.014-1.419), CRP levels increased (OR=1.033, 95%CI 1.022-1.044) and LDH levels increased (OR=1.001, 95%CI 1.000-1.003) were the risk factors for sequelae of bronchitis obliterans in RMPP. ROC curve analysis showed that CRP 137 mg/L had a sensitivity of 82.1% and a specificity of 80.1%; LDH 471 U/L had a sensitivity of 62.7% and a specificity of 60.3% for predicting the development of bronchitis obliterans. Conclusions: The long duration of fever (≥10 d), CRP increase (≥137 mg/L) may be used to predict the occurrence of sequelae of bronchitis obliterans in RMPP. It is helpful for early recognition of risk children.

Effects of Electroacupuncture on Hippocampal AcH3 and BDNF in the Rat Model of SNI-induced Pain-Depression Dyad / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo observe the impacts of electroacupuncture （EA） on the expression of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and acetylated histone （AcH3） in the rat model of spared nerve injury （SNI）， so as to explore the analgesic and antidepressant effects of EA. MethodsTwenty-four Male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups， with 6 in each group. SNI was used to establish the model of pain and depression. All the groups were intervened one week after SNI surgery and persisted 5 weeks. The EA group was treated with EA （2 Hz） for 30 min every other day and imipramine drug group （IMP） group with peritoneal imipramine injection （10 mg/kg） per day. The sham surgery group （SS） and model group （SNI） received the same grasping stimulation. The paw mechanical withdrawal threshold （PWT） test was performed before the SNI surgery， 1， 2， 3， 4， 5， and 6 weeks after surgery， respectively. The forced swimming test （FST） and the sucrose preference test （SPT） were performed 6 weeks after SNI surgery. The Western blot method was employed to detect the expression of BDNF and AcH3 from the rat hippocampal tissue at the end of the behavioral tests. ResultsCompared with the SS group， the SNI group had significantly decreased PWT and sucrose consumption， prolonged FST immobility time （all P<0.01）， down-regulated BDNF and AcH3 expression （P<0.05 & P<0.01） in the hippocampus， which indicated the successful construction of the pain-depression model. Compared with the SNI group， 6 weeks after SNI surgery， the EA and IMP groups had significantly increased PWT and sucrose consumption， and reduced FST immobility time （all P<0.01）； the EA group had up-regulated BDNF and AcH3 expression （both P<0.05） in the hippocampus， the IMP group had up-regulated AcH3 （P<0.05） expression but no difference in BDNF expression. ConclusionEA could relieve pain and depressive behavioral symptoms in SNI rats. And its analgesic and antidepressant mechanisms may relate to the up-regulation of hippocampal AcH3 and BDNF expression.

A preliminary study on the prevention of hemorrhage after laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy by wrapping gastroduodenal artery stump in the left external liver lobe and the left caudate lobe / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of embedding the stump of gastroduodenal artery between the left lateral lobe of the liver and the left caudate lobe to prevent bleeding after laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods: The clinical data of 41 patients who underwent laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy at the second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from October 2021 to April 2022 were analyzed retrospectively.There were 27 males and 14 females, aged (63.0±9.2)years (range: 48 to 78 years), and the body mass index was (24.1±3.2)kg/m2 (range: 15.4 to 31.6 kg/m2). After routine laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy, the stump of gastroduodenal artery was embedded between the left lateral lobe and the left caudate lobe of the liver, and the hepatic parenchyma of the left lateral lobe and the left caudate lobe were sutured with absorbable sutures.The occurrence and recovery of postoperative complications (pancreatic fistula, biliary fistula, postoperative abdominal bleeding, abdominal infection, liver abscess) were observed. Results: All the operations of 41 patients were completed successfully.The operation time was (277.5±52.0) minutes (range: 192 to 360 minutes). The entrapment time of gastroduodenal artery stump was (3.1±0.6) minutes (range: 2.3 to 4.2 minutes), and the intraoperative blood loss (M(IQR)) was 300 (200) ml (range: 50 to 800 ml).The results of ultrasound examination of hepatic artery on the first day after operation showed that the blood flows of hepatic artery were unobstructed.Postoperative pancreatic fistula occurred in 3 cases, including grade B pancreatic fistula in 2 cases (1 case with abdominal infection) and biochemical leakage in 1 case. Three patients with pancreatic fistula were discharged successfully after continuous abdominal drainage. There was no biliary fistula, abdominal bleeding, abdominal infection, liver abscess or postoperative liver dysfunction. Conclusion: The encasement of the gastroduodenal artery stump by the left outer and left caudate lobes of the liver may be an effective way to prevent bleeding from the rupture of the gastroduodenal artery stump after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy, which is easy and safe to perform.

Clinical and gene mutation features of cystic fibrosis: an analysis of 8 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the clinical features and gene mutation sites of children with cystic fibrosis (CF), in order to improve the understanding of CF to reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of 8 children with CF who were diagnosed in Hebei Children's Hospital from 2018 to 2021.@*RESULTS@#Among the 8 children with CF, there were 5 boys and 3 girls, with an age of 3-48 months (median 8 months) at diagnosis, and the age of onset ranged from 0 to 24 months (median 2.5 months). Clinical manifestations included recurrent respiratory infection in 7 children, sinusitis in 3 children, bronchiectasis in 4 children, diarrhea in 8 children, fatty diarrhea in 3 children, suspected pancreatic insufficiency in 6 children, pancreatic cystic fibrosis in 1 child, malnutrition in 5 children, and pseudo-Bartter syndrome in 4 children. The most common respiratory pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4 children). A total of 16 mutation sites were identified by high-throughput sequencing, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, and Sanger sequencing, including 5 frameshift mutations, 4 nonsense mutations, 4 missense mutations, 2 exon deletions, and 1 splice mutation. CFTR mutations were found in all 8 children. p.G970D was the most common mutation (3 children), and F508del mutation was observed in one child. Four novel mutations were noted: deletion exon15, c.3796_3797dupGA(p.I1267Kfs*12), c.2328dupA(p.V777Sfs*2), and c.2950G>A(p.D984N).@*CONCLUSIONS@#p.G970D is the most common mutation type in children with CF. CF should be considered for children who have recurrent respiratory infection or test positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with or without digestive manifestations or pseudo-Bartter syndrome.

Effect of electroacupuncture combined with motor training on motor learning and motor cortex excitability / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effect of electroacupuncture (EA), motor training (MT) and EA combined with MT on motor learning and motor cortex excitability in healthy subjects, and to explore the effect of EA combined with MT on synaptic metaplasticity.@*METHODS@#Using self-control design, 12 healthy subjects were assigned into an EA group, a motor training group (MT group) and an EA plus motor training group (EA+MT group) successively, wash-out period of at least 2 weeks was required between each group. EA was applied at left Hegu (LI 4) in the EA group for 30 min, with continuous wave, 2 Hz in frequency and 0.5-1 mA in density. Motor training of left hand was adopted in the MT group for 30 min. EA and motor training were adopted in the EA+MT group successively. The time of finishing grooved pegboard test (GPT) was observed, and the average amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEPs), the rest motor threshold (rMT) and the latency were recorded by transcranial magnetic stimulation technique before intervention (T0), after intervention (T1) and 30 min after EA (T3) in the EA group and the EA+MT group, T0 and T1 in the MT group.@*RESULTS@#Compared with T0, the time of finishing GPT was shortened at T1 in the MT group and at T2 in the EA group and the EA+MT group (@*CONCLUSION@#In physiological state, electroacupuncture combined with motor training have a synergistic effect on motor learning, while have no such effect on excitability of cerebral motor cortex.

Biological Mechanism of Specific Relationship between Gan (Liver) Meridian of Foot-Jueyin and Genitals / 中国结合医学杂志

From the perspective view of Chinese medicine, the Gan (Liver) meridian of Foot-Jueyin starts from the great toe, running upward along the medial side of the thigh to the perineal area, where it curves around the external genitalia and goes up to the lower abdomen. In clinical practice, acupoints in the feet of the Gan meridian of Foot-Jueyin are used to treat the genitourinary and external genitalia diseases. Studies have shown that reproductive system diseases have specific pathological reactions in the places (radial side of tibia and foot) where Gan meridian of Foot-Jueyin passes by. Why does this happen? In this article, we begin by briefly reviewing the evidences linking foot and genitalia. We then explore the potential mechanism of the relationship between genitals and the Gan meridian of Foot-Jueyin. The brain cerebral cortex is characterized by cortical interactions. Numerous studies show that different cerebral cortex function areas (especially the adjacent areas) are overlapping and interact with each other. Finally, we presume that there is a specific connection between the feet and the genitals. Physiologically in the cortical homunculus, the genital area lies adjacent or overlapped to the foot areas, the two areas may interact with each other. The functional reorganization between different areas of the cerebral cortex under pathological conditions may be the underlying mechanism of the relationship between the feet and the genitals.

Epidemiological features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in children in Shijiazhuang, China: an analysis of 133 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the epidemiological features of children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Shijiazhuang, China.@*METHODS@#Based on the information officially announced on the official website of the Health Commission of Hebei Province, epidemiological data were collected from 133 children, aged 0-18 years, who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Shijiazhuang from January 2 to January 30, 2021. A statistical analysis was performed for general status, regional distribution, presence or absence of clusters, and results of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests.@*RESULTS@#Among the 133 children with SARS-CoV-2 infection, there were 65 boys and 68 girls, with a male/female ratio of 0.96:1. The youngest age of onset was 3 months and 7 days, and the mean age of onset was (9±5) years. Of all the 133 children, 90(67.7%) were the first confirmed case of SARS-CoV-2 infection among their family members. Of all the children, 108(81.2%) came from the Gaocheng District in Shijiazhuang, among whom 38(28.6%) were from Xiaoguozhuang Village where the first patient with a confirmed diagnosis lived. SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test at week 2 after the outbreak showed positive results in 88 children (66.2%), and only 5 children had clinical symptoms before positive SARS-CoV-2 results were obtained. Of all the 133 children, 19(14.3%) were found positive in the first SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test after the outbreak, and 70(52.6%) had positive results for ≥4 times. There were 98 school students with infection, among whom 74(75.5%) were the first confirmed case in their family, and among 35 non-school students, 16(45.7%) were the first confirmed case in their family (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Among the children confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Shijiazhuang, there is a high proportion of children who are the first confirmed case in their family, and the children are mainly distributed in the rural areas of Gaocheng. Most of these children are students, so the prevention and control of cluster infection in schools should be taken seriously. There are often no symptoms before SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test, with a low positive rate of the first nucleic acid test, which increases the difficulty of early discovery of the epidemic.

Investigation on Rehabilitation Therapists Practitioners under Medical-Exercise Integration in China / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the integration of medicine and exercise in China in rehabilitation therapists practitioners. Methods:From May to June, 2019, rehabilitation therapists in provincial and municipal medical institutions, health management centers and rehabilitation institutions nationwide were surveyed with Wenjuanxing online questionnaires, which included basic information, geographical distribution, nature of work units, occupational characteristics, educational background, years of working and awareness of exercise prescriptions. Results:A total of 2935 rehabilitation-related employees were involved, which included 1387 male and 1548 female in 31 provinces. In all the respondents, 1505 of them (51.28%) worked in tertiary hospitals and 1015 (34.58%) in secondary hospitals; 2182 (74.34%) worked on physical therapy, 947 (32.27%) on occupational therapy, 553 (18.84%) on speech therapy, 141 (4.80%) on rehabilitation engineering, and 846 (28.82%) on exercise rehabilitation; 2218 (75.57%) were with junior title and 592 (20.17%) with intermediate title; 24 (0.82%) were with secondary school education, 724 (24.67%) with junior college degree, 2011 (68.52%) with bachelor's degree, and 160 (5.99%) with master's degree or above; 785 (26.75%) fully understood, 1025 (34.92%) understood and 1009 (34.38%) basically understood the concept of exercise prescription. Conclusion:Rehabilitation therapy is widely spread in China, however, the geographical distribution is uneven. Rehabilitation related practitioners are diversified in professional direction, and full-time job is not top-notch. The level of education is generally low, and talent cultivation needs to be strengthened. The integration of medicine and exercise is developing, and exercise prescriptions are widely available. It is necessary to cultivate a considerable number of high-quality professionals to coordinate the integrated development of medicine and exercise, to improve the quality of rehabilitation services and promote the development of medicine and exercise integration.

Relationship between Fractional Anisotropy of Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Motor Function after Ischemic Stroke / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the relationship between diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameter of fractional anisotropy (FA) and recovery of upper-extremity motor function in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods:From January to December, 2019, 20 ischemic stroke patients accepted routine medication and rehabilitation for three weeks. They received DTI examination and were measured FA of the infarct and the corresponding area on the contralateral side, the cerebral foot and the posterior limb of internal capsule of affected and unaffected sides, while the bilateral FA ratio (rFA) of them were calculated, before and after treatment. Meanwhile, all the patients were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity (FMA-UE). Results:The FMA-UE score improved after treatment (t = 9.074, P < 0.001), while FA and rFA increased in infarct area (t > 14.519, P < 0.001). The difference before and after treatment of FA and rFA in all of the areas positively correlated with that of FMA-UE scores (r = 0.445~0.565, P < 0.05), which was the most in posterior limb of internal capsule of the affected side. Conclusion:FA of DTI alters with the recovery of motor function of the upper extremity after ischemic stroke, especially in the posterior limb of internal capsule.

An analysis of GNAS and THRA gene mutations in children with congenital hypothyroidism / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To preliminarily investigate the relationship between stimulatory G protein α subunit (GNAS) and thyroid hormone receptor α (THRA) gene mutations and clinical phenotypes in children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH).@*METHODS@#A total of 70 children with CH diagnosed by neonatal screening were enrolled. Their peripheral blood samples were collected to extract genomic DNA. GNAS and THRA genes were screened for mutations using next-generation sequencing. Bioinformatics software was used to analyze the pathogenicity of gene mutations.@*RESULTS@#Of the 70 children with CH, nine missense mutations (three known mutations and six novel mutations) in the GNAS gene were detected in three patients (4%), and one gene polymorphism, c.508A>G(p.I170V), in the THRA gene was detected in four patients. The analysis results of bioinformatics software and ACMG/AMP guidelines showed that the two GNAS gene mutations [c.301C>T(p.R101C) and c.334G>A(p.E112K)] were more likely to be pathogenic. Three children with GNAS gene mutations showed different degrees of hypothyroidism.@*CONCLUSIONS@#GNAS gene mutations are related to the development of CH, and children with CH have different clinical manifestations. THRA gene mutations may not be associated with CH.

Effect of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation on Motor Function Recovery in Stroke Patients / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the effect of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation on motor function recovery in stroke patients. Methods:From February, 2018 to February, 2019, 100 stroke patients in convalescence stage were enrolled in this study. They were divided into control group (n = 50) and observation group (n = 50). The control group received routine rehabilitation, while the observation group received cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in addition. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SAS) and pulmonary function test before and after treatment. Results:After treatment, the scores of FMA increased in both groups (t > 2.459, P < 0.05), which were higher in the observation group than in the control group (t = 2.678, P = 0.005); the scores of SAS and SDS decreased in both groups (t > 2.009, P < 0.05), which were lower in the observation group than in the control group (t > 3.261, P < 0.01); most of the forced vital capacity (FVC), the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC increased in both groups (t > 2.249, P < 0.05), which were higher in the observation group than in the control group (t > 2.147, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation could further promote the recovery of motor function of stroke patients, and improve the emotion and pulmonary function.

Expression of calreticulin and its relationship with autoantibodies and inflammatory cytokines in early rheumatoid arthritis / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the expression of calreticulin and its correlation with autoantibodies and inflammatory cytokines in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Serum samples were obtained from 106 patients with early active RA, 95 patients with stable RA, 85 osteoarthritis (OA) and 80 healthy controls (HC). Serum levels of calreticulin, anti- cyclic peptide antibody (CCP), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured by enzyme-linked immnuosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum level of rheumatoid factor (RF) was detected by immunoturbidimetry. The correlations between serum calreticulin and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation test. Results Serum levels of calreticulin were significantly higher in patients with early active RA [(5.84±2.62)μg/L] than those in patients with stable RA [(4.26±1.42)μg/L], patients with OA [(3.92±1.10)μg/L] and HC [(3.86 ± 0.91)μg/L] (P<0.001). There were no statistical differences in serum levels of calreticulin between stable RA, OA and HC groups (P>0.05). Serum levels of calreticulin were significantly higher in RF-positive RA patients than those of RF-negative RA patients [(6.12±2.87)μg/L vs. (4.92±1.22)μg/L, P=0.045]. Serum calreticulin levels were also significantly higher in anti-CCP-positive RA patients than those of anti-CCP-negative RA patients [(6.39±2.93)μg/L vs. (4.69±1.17)μg/L, P=0.002]. The serum level of calreticulin was positively correlated with IL-1β (rs=0.386, P=0.009), IL-6 (rs=0.405, P=0.006) and TNF-α(rs=0.428, P=0.003) in early active RA patients. Conclusion The elevated serum level of calreticulin is related to autoantibodies and inflammatory cytokines in early RA patients, suggesting that calreticulin can be used as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of RA.

Discovery of lead compounds to inhibit proliferation of cervical cancer cells based on privileged structure of 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzoacarbazole / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To discover lead compounds with 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]carbazole as core scaffold that can inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cells. Methods?·?A series of 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]carbazole derivatives and analogs were synthesized using Fischer indole synthesis method, and their anticancer activity against HeLa cells was tested in vitro by CCK8 test. Results?·?2-Methoxy-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]carbazole and 8-chloro-2-methoxy-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]carbazole could significantly inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells with the half maximal inhibitory concentration ( IC50) values of 9.61?μmol/L and 16.52?μmol/L, respectively. Conclusion?·?Two objective lead compounds were found. Among 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[a]carbazole derivatives, compounds with methoxy group at the C-2 position of the core scaffold show better activity against proliferation of cervical cancer cells.

Preliminary screening and study of novel flavonoid monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitors / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To discover and develop novel monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitors.Methods·Computational screening,rational structure analysis and biological assessment was used.Results·A series of natural flavonoid MAGL inhibitors were identified.Compound 9 (quercetin) presented the highest activity with an IC50 value of 36 μmol/L.Conclusion·Several natural flavonoid MAGL inhibitors were identified,which are expected to bring novel hits for discovery ofMAGL inhibitors.

Efficacy of early treatment via fiber bronchoscope in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia complicated by airway mucus obstruction / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the efficacy of early treatment via fiber bronchoscope in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) complicated by airway mucus obstruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to the time from admission to the treatment via fiber bronchoscope, the children with MPP who were found to have airway mucus obstruction under a fiber bronchoscope were randomly divided into early intervention group (≤3 days; n=40) and late intervention group (>3 days; n=56). The two groups were compared in terms of clinical data and imaging recovery.The children were followed for 1-3 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 96 children, 38 were found to have the formation of plastic bronchial tree, among whom 10 were in the early intervention group and 28 were in the late intervention group (P=0.01). Compared with the late intervention group, the early intervention group had a shorter duration of fever, length of hospital stay, and time to the recovery of white blood cell count and C-reactive protein (P<0.05), as well as a higher atelectasis resolution rate (P<0.05). Compared with the late intervention group, the early intervention group had a higher percentage of children with a ≥ 60% absorbed area of pulmonary consolidation at discharge. After 3 months of follow-up, the early intervention group had a higher percentage of children with a ≥ 90% absorbed area of pulmonary consolidation than the late intervention group (80% vs 55%; P=0.01), and the early intervention group had a lower incidence rate of atelectasis than the late intervention group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Early treatment via fiber bronchoscope can shorten the course of the disease and reduce complications and sequelae in MPP children with airway mucus obstruction.</p>

Variants in the Promoter Region ofwere Associated with Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy in a Chinese Han Population / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is an autoimmune disease and the leading cause of adult nephritic syndrome. HLA-DQA1 had been identified to be associated with IMN in Europeans and the result was replicated in Chinese Han population. In this study, six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter of HLA-DQA1 and other two SNPs with IgA nephropathy were included for the association analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The SNPs were genotyped in 509 patients and 601 controls by the MassArray iPLEX. The quantification of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibodies in sera of IMN patients was performed by anti-PLA2R ELISA (IgG) kit.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After analysis, four SNPs were significantly associated with IMN, with rs2187668 and rs28383345 as the top two signals (P = 8.42×10-5 and 2.48×10-5, respectively). Even under dominant model, the two SNPs were still significantly associated with IMN (P = 3.50×10-3 for rs28383345 and P = 6.55×10-5 for rs2187668). After conditional study with rs2187668, rs28383345 was the only variant significantly correlated with IMN after Bonferroni correction (P = 0.016). The minor alleles of the two SNPs were also mutually exclusive in our cohort. This indicated that the two SNPs were independently associated with IMN in Chinese Han population. Levels of anti-PLA2R autoantibodies were correlated with the genotypes of the two SNPs, but not significantly (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our results revealed that a novel independent variant in the promoter of HLA-DQA1 was associated with IMN in Chinese Han population. The locus possessed regulatory role according to the data of RegulomeDB. The exact role of the SNPs on the expression of HLA-DQA1 needs further investigation.</p>

Effects of inward rectifier potassium channel blockers on EPCs function / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of inward rectifier potassium channel blockers (BaCl2, CsCl) on the functions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Density gradient centrifugation-isolated rat hone marrow mononuclear cells were cultured in vitro. EPCs were harvested and seeded on six culture dish when cells grew to 3-5 passages. Before testing the EPCs were synchronized with M199, which contain 2% fetal calf serum. In the end, EPCs were treated with different intervention. The experiment mainly included two parts: (1) BaCl2 (100 micromol/L) and free BaC2 of Tyrodes solution; (2) CsCl (1 mmol/L) and control. Cell pretreated with blockers above mentioned for 12 h, then the gene expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), epoprotenol (PGI2) were assessed, beyond that the ability of adhesion, migration were assayed with different tests. In addition, the medium was collected when EPCs were treated for 3 days. The levels of SDF-1 were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Going even further, EPCs were treated with the signal pathway blockers in advance, after repeat the above steps, in order to analyze the change of SDF-1 and then discuss its mechanism.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with control group, BaCl2, CsCl could increase EPC adhesion and migration to same extent. Moreover, the gene expression of SDF-1, PGI2 was significantly up-regulated and the production of SDF-1 increased evidently. Furthermore, the mechanism of SDF-1 secretion increasing mainly was associated with eNOS signaling pathways.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ba2+ and Cs+ play important roles in increasing EPCs functions, such as adhesion, migration and secretion.</p>

The effects and mechanisms of high glucose on the phenotype transformation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects and mechanisms of high glucose on the phenotype transformation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>VSMCs ere isolated from rat thoracic aorta and the 3rd-5th VSMCs were incubated with normal glucose (5.5 mmol/L), high glucose (25 mmol/L), or high glucose (25 mmol/L) + P38 inhibitor (25 mmol/L +SB203580) for another 24 hours. Then the gene expression of osteopontin (OPN), alpha smooth-actin (alpha-SMA), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) were assayed by real time RT-PCR, the protein expression of P38 were assayed by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) High glucose promoted the phenotype transformation of VSMCs and up-regulated the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. (2) High glucose promoted the phosphorylation of P38. (3) SB203580, the inhibitor of P38/MAPK signal pathway, inhibited the effects of high glucose on phenotype transformation and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High glucose may promote phenotype transformation of VSMCs via the signal pathway of P38/MAPK.</p>

Influence of naturaldecay of fibrousroots on growth and content of active compositions of Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba / 中国中药杂志

The change of yield and contents. of active compositions were studied while the fibrous roots were decayed naturally. HPLC method was used to detect the contents of active composition. The results show that fibrousroots could decrease the production of plant by 38.60% (20 g) and 30.99% (40 g), respectively. Treatment 1 could increase the contents of dihydrotanshinone and cryptotanshinone of Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba by 26.08% and 22.64%, respectively. Compared with the comparison, treatment 2 decreased the contents of ihydrotanshinone, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone II(A) of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba by 60.87%, 79.24%, 84.61% and 88.99%, respectively. Meanwhile, the total contents of the liposoluble constituents reduced by 86.27%. The different concentration of fibrousroots could increase the content of salvianolic acid B by 4.98% (20 g) and 23.64% (40 g), respectively. Meanwhile, the content of rosemary acid was increased by 4.98% (20 g) and 23.64% (40 g), respectively. The content of water-soluble constituents positively correlated to the mount of added fibrousroots, and the change was significantly. The result indicted that the decay of fibrousroots has a significant impact on the growth and the content of the active composition of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba under the condition of continuous cropping. Fibrousroots could decrease the content of biomass and liposoluble constituents significantly, which maybe one of the main factors to S. miltiorrhiza f. alba continuous cropping obstacle formation.

Serum inflammatory factor and cytokines in AECOPD

Objective: To explore the serum levels of IL-32, MMP-9,PCT and CRP in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods: A total of 50 patients with AECOPD and 45 cases with acute asthma attack admitted from October 2013 to August 2014 were selected, and the serum levels of IL-32, MMP-9, PCT and CRP were determined and compaed by using Double antibody sandwich Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence double antibody sandwich assay and immunoturbidimetry assay. Results: Serum levels of IL-32, MMP-9, PCT and CRP were significantly higher in AECOPD group than acute asthma attack group (. P<0.05). IL-32 and MMP-9 were negatively correlated with lung function. MMP-9 in AECOPD patients was increased more significantly. Conclusions: Serum levels of IL-32 and MMP-9 were negatively correlated with lung function, and the worse the lung function is, the more significant the increase is.